電信與通信

很多人分不清楚電信(Tele-communication)與通信(communication)的不同，我試著用我的方式說明看看。

電信是將兩個"終端"(例如手機與手機；手機與交換機；手機與伺服器...等三種)間用很複雜的"通道"連接起來，讓人類需要的資訊(語音、影像、圖片、文字)在這個"通道"中傳送與接收。例如我們使用手機彼此通話、送簡訊與圖片，或是上臉書發表動態。

通信是指兩個機器間同質媒體的連結。例如電腦與印表機間的串列連接；藍芽耳機與手機間的無線連接；基地台與交換機間的光纖連接；衛星地面站與通信衛星間的無線連接...。

這樣說明後對電信與通信的差別有沒有比較瞭解了?
如果還不清楚，我想用下面的"圖解方程式"來說明。

手機A與手機B的電信 = 
手機A與基地台A的通信 + 基地台A與交換機A的通信 + 交換機A與交換機B的通信 + 交換機B與基地台B的通信 + 基地台B與手機B的通信

希望有點幫助^^

2014_0317r1

電信系統三元素

無論什麼電信系統，都可以分成三個基本元素:
1. 終端
2. 通道
3. 雲端

說明:
"終端"就是我們的行動電話或是平板總稱
"通道"顧名思義就是讓"終端"和"雲端"連起來的所有設備總稱
"雲端"就是網網相連對"終端"需求提供反應與相關服務的所有設備總稱

這個概念從3G時代慢慢成形，直到全IP化以後，正式稱王，變成電信系統的主流。
我相信會主宰未來二十年，橫跨4G與5G。

UE Measurement and Report

(1) Intra-frequency reporting events for FDD
- Event 1a:
A Primary CPICH enters the reporting range
- Event 1b:
A Primary CPICH leaves the reporting range
- Event 1c:
A non-active primary CPICH becomes better than an active primary CPICH
- Event 1d:
Change of best cell
- Event 1e:
A Primary CPICH becomes better than an absolute threshold
- Event 1f:
A Primary CPICH becomes worse than an absolute threshold

(2) Inter-frequency reporting events
- Event 2a:
Change of best frequency
- Event 2b:
The estimated quality of the currently used frequency is below a certain threshold and the estimated quality of a non-used frequency is above a certain threshold.
- Event 2c:
The estimated quality of a non-used frequency is above a certain threshold
- Event 2d:
The estimated quality of the currently used frequency is below a certain threshold
- Event 2e:
The estimated quality of a non-used frequency is below a certain threshold
- Event 2f:
The estimated quality of the currently used frequency is above a certain threshold

(3) Inter-RAT measurements reporting events
- Event 3a:
The estimated quality of the currently used UTRAN frequency is below a certain threshold and the estimated quality of the other system is above a certain threshold.
- Event 3b:
The estimated quality of other system is below a certain threshold
- Event 3c:
The estimated quality of other system is above a certain threshold
- Event 3d:
Change of best cell in other system

Traffic Volume Measurements
- Event 4a:
Transport Channel Traffic Volume becomes larger than an absolute threshold
- Event 4b:
Transport Channel Traffic Volume becomes smaller than an absolute threshold

Quality Measurements
- Event 5a:
A predefined number of bad CRCs is exceeded

UE internal measurements
- Event 6a:
The UE Tx power becomes larger than an absolute threshold
- Event 6b:
The UE Tx power becomes less than an absolute threshold
- Event 6c:
The UE Tx power reaches its minimum value
- Event 6d:
The UE Tx power reaches its maximum value
- Event 6e:
The UE RSSI reaches the UE's dynamic receiver range
- Event 6f:
(FDD) The UE Rx-Tx time difference for a RL included in the active set becomes larger than an absolute threshold
(1.28 Mcps TDD): The time difference indicated by TADV becomes larger than an absolute threshold
- Event 6g:
The UE Rx-Tx time difference for a RL included in the active set becomes less than an absolute threshold

090913r1